Vania



J. EECKER.

COKING BUURT OVEN.

APPucAnon mw rss. r, Isn.

Patnted Aug. 5, 1919.

9 SHEETS-SHEET l.

I N V EN TOR. se/her* HUH Illll Il IIIIlI Inh..

W1 TNESSES:

Jse/v/L A TTORN E YS.

Patented Aug. 5,1919.

9 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

I. BECKER.

COKING HETURT OVEN.

APPLICATION men mx. I. lsu. 1,312,301.

w S s 1N 'EA ron. hiep/L Eea/iwf A Tron vm 's WITNESSES m/a/Qwj L BECKER.

COKING RETORT OVEN. APPLlcmun min FEB. I. 19H.

Patented Aug. 5, 1919.

9 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

IN1/EN TOR. Josep/L Bec/9^ BY A TTORNEYS.

WITNESSES h1/. Gan/j l. BECKER.

COKING RETUHT OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED fm1, 1911.

9. 1 9. 15 H .M ml. .An du ww un. m D1 Jaw/@r l. BECKER.

COKING RETORT OVEN.

A'PPLlcATlon FILED FEB. 7.1911.

1 ,3 1 2, 301 Patented Aug. 5, 1919.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

ieillllllll lll I nuliilmm:

i lll P I--- r INVENTUR. epfoecer A TTORN E YS.

l. BECKER.

COKING RETUHT OVEN.

APPLICATION men rB.1.19xz.

1 ,3 1 2,301 Patented Aug. 5,1912).

9 SHEETS-SHEET I.

Q IN VEN TOR.

Jose/m15 ldeoe ATTORNEYS.

Patentd Allg'. 5, 1919. s SHEETS-SHEET s J BECKER COKING RETORT OVEN.

APPLICATION man rEs.7,191r.

I N V EN TOR. Jsqv/Lzfef* B Y @im ma A TTORNE YS.

1. BECKER.

COKING RETORT OVEN.

HEETS-SHEET 9- Patented Aug. 5, 1919.

UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEIoE.

JOSEPH BECKER, 0F PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR T0 THE KOPPEBS COMPANY, 0F PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYL- VANIA.

Specification of Letters Patent.

COKING RETORT-OVEN.

Patented Aug. 5, 1919.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, JosErH BECKER, a citizen of the United States, residing in Pittsburgh, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented' a new and useful Improvement in Coking Retort-Ovens, of which the following is a specifiation.

This invention relates to cokmg retort ovens, and more particularly to those of the well-known Koppers cross-regenerator t pe, exemplified in the Koppers coke-oven atents 818033, 1026169 and others, and also more particularly relates to coking retort ovens, whether of such cross-regenerator type or otherwise, having the flue-construction set forth or claimed in the Schwab cokeoven Patent 989302, and also more particularl)7 relates to such other coking retort oven constructions as are hereinafter set forth or claimed. And the invention includes among its objects an increasing of the'coking efficiency of such ovens, an increasing of their flexibility of operation, a reducing of their cost of maintenance, an increasingof their permanence and durability and resistance to the strains and variations of the high temperature conditions to which they are subjected, and such other improvements or advantages in construction and operation as are found to obtain inthe structures and devices hereinafter described or claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, and showin for purposes of exempliication, a pre erred form and manner in which the invention may be embodied and practisedz but Without limiting the claimed invention specifically to' such illustrative instance or in-v stances F igure 1. is a vertical section 1ongitudinally through a coking-chamber and the regenerators below it, on the line 1-1 of Fig. 3; Fig. 2 is a vertical section longitudinally through a heating-wall, on the lines and 2-2 and 2-2 of Fig. 3, the left-hand end of said Fig. 2 being taken on the line 2-2 and the right-hand end on the line 2-2 and the short intermediate section on the line 2-2; Fig. 3'is a Vertical transverse section through a battery of four ovens, taken on the line 3--3 ofFig. 2, without indicatin the diagonal partitioning in the heatin -wa ls; Fig. 4 is a front elevation of two o the ovens, taken on the pusher side; Fig. 5 is a front elevation of the same two ovens, taken on the coke side; Fig. 6 is 55 an enlarged horizontal section and plan view through three of the heating-walls, taken on the line 6-6 of Fig. 3, showing the triangular fiues in section and the bottoms and air and gas ports of said fines in plan; Fig. 7 1s an enlarged horizontal sectional and plan view through the combustion-products ducts above one 0f the heating-walls, taken on the line 7 7 of Fig. 3 and showin in plan the top ports of the triangular ues, which are indicated in dotted lines; Fig. 8

1s an enlarged horizontal sectional and plan view at a higher level over the same heatingwall, taken on the line 8--8 of Fig. 3 and showing the passages that rovide access to the iiues and to the slide-grieks adjustable over their top ports, which open into the pair of horizontal combustion-products ducts that are indicated in dotted lines; Fig. 9 -is a top plan view taken over a couple of the heatlng-,walls and extending vfrom the pusher end of the ovens, showing in full plan the by-product port and one of the charge holes of the coking-chamber between the two heating-walls whose triangular iues are indicated in dotted lines; Fig. 10 is an enlarged vertical transverse section through the base of one of the heating-walls and the top of the heavy supporting-wall beneath such heating-Wall, to show the general arrangement of the ducts joining the lines of the heating-wall with the regenerators on the respective sides of the said supportingwall, but without indicating the diagonal partitioning in the heating-wall; Fig. 11 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view taken Von the lines 11-11 and 11-11 of Fig. 10, the left-hand part of said Fig. 11 being on the line `11-11 and showing more particularly the coke-oven-gas inlet into the ues, and the right-hand part being on the line 11-11 and showing more particularly the general arrangement of the ducts joinin the iiues with the regenerators; Fig. 12 is a gorizontal sectional and plan View of one of the heating-walls just as shown in Fig. 6 but with the plugging4 devices inserted in the two regenerator-duct ports in the bottom of each Hue, and also showing the movable closure-brick that may be employed to close either of said two ports in each flue; Fig.

13 is an enlarged vertical sectional view on the line 13e-13 of Fig. 12 and showing the positioning of the plugging devices in the regencrntor-duct ports where the same open into a pair of the filles, and also showing the upper portion of the vertical channel that leads up from the nozzle for supplying cokeoven-gas to one 'of said flues; Fig. 14 is an enlarged perspective View showing one of the plugging devices as it is lowered into or lifted from the regenerntor-duet port in the brick in which such port is formed; Fig. 15 is an enlarged vertical sectional view on the line 15-15 of Fig. .3 and also imlicating the upper part of the (cking-chamber door and a portion of an arm of the door-lifting machine; and Fig. 1G is an enlarged perspective View of the reinforced arch-brick shown in section over the doorway in Fig. 15. Line reference numerals indicate like parts in all of the figures.

The series of heating-walls 25, 2.5 and the series of intermediate elongated cokingchambers 26, 26 in the battery are mainly supported by the heavy supporting-Walls 27, 27 located under the heating-walls. The regenerators are located between the heavy supporting-walls and alined under the soles of the respective coking-chambers, and are of the eross-regenerator type, the type characterized by the fact that the regenerator extends crosswise of the battery so that the main flow into and out of the base 4of, each main regenerator-chamber is substantially parallel with the length of the heating-Wall or Walls communicating with such regenerator-chamber.

There are a pair of regenerators under the sole of each coking-chamber, the members of the pair being separated by the gas-tight partition wall 28 transversely positioned under the middle of the sole of the cokingchamber. Each of said regenerators is longitudinally subdivided by a relatively thin partition 29, which itself supplements the regenerativesurface provided by the checkerbricks in the rest of the regenerator-chamber.

Each heating-wall is constituted of two series, 30 and 31, of substantially triangular combustionflues alternately facing oppositely toward the coking-chambers contiguous to either side of each such heating-wall. Each of such flues, b reason of its triangular form, is relative y narrow transversely of the wall and presents a wide heating-face toward the contiguous colting-chamber. The said two series of flues in each heating-wall are operatively disposed in two groups, each of about half the length of the heating-wall and respectively on opposite sides of the center-wall 32 (indicated at the middle of the length of the heating-wall shown in longitudinal section in Fig. 2).

The two series of trlangular flues in each half of the length of each heating-wall are arranged to be supplied with coke-oven-gas from a single straight gas-duet 33, which extends under half of the length of the heating-wall and is provided with a series of nozzles 34 respectively opening into vertical channels 35 leading upward respectively into the inside angles of the ilues of both series 1n the, grou i constituting the corresponding half of the mating-wall. i

Each regenerator portion communicates with each flue of both series of iiues in each of the two heating-walls adjacent opposite sides of the top of such rcgenerator, extendin substantially half of the length of the co ringchamber above said regenerator. Such communication between the lues and the regenerators is by means of forked regeneratorducts 36, each extending First obliqucly and then vertically upward into the top of the heavy wall 21, and then forking into two ascending ports 37, 38 that respectively open into a pair of oppositely facing contiguous flues` one in cach of the two flue-series in the heating-wall. These two branches of such forked duct become substantially vertical under the flue into which each becomes a port, and are so oifset from the main channel of the duct (at its place of forking, 39 as to equalize the regenerator flow from suc channel into and through such branches of the fork.

Then the ovens are operated as cokeovens, all of the regenerators used are employed as air-regenerators, and the fuel-gas employed is coke-oven gas supplied through the gas-ducts 33. When the ovens are operated as coking gas-ovens, the coke-oven gas supply is shut oil" from the gas-ducts 33, and only alternate regenerators are em ployed as air-regenerators, and the other 105V regenerators of the battery are as gas-regenerators for reheating producergas. Each longitudinahalf of each regenerator has beneath it a channel 40 through which air or gas to be preheated is admitted 110 and distributed, and through which, upon reversal, the Waste-gas passes to the stack main. The reversing and shut-off means for all of the air and gas connections withV the channels 40 and gas-ducts 33 are of the 115 well-known form shown in, for instance, the Koppers Patent 1176067.

Above the lues in each heating-wall there are a pair of combustion-products ducts 41,

42. separated by a longitudinal vertical 120 wall 43 and each communicatn with one of the series of llues, through their top-ports 44, whose orifices opening into such ducts are regulated by the adjustable slide-bricks 45, operated from above throu h the verti- 125 cal passages 46 that extend to t e to of the battery and are closed by the cap-pliltes 47.

When the battery is in full o eration, the entire group of both series of ues for substanti lv half the length of each heating- 180 wall is fired simultaneously, and the combustion-products flow horizontally through the ducts 41, 42 and down into and through the flues of the group constituting the other half of the length of the heating-wall, and thence through the regenerators of the corresponding other half or side of the battery.

Any regenerator, or either longitudinal half of any regenerator, may be shut olf f-rom its communication with either or both of the series of flues in a heating-wall, by shutting off the corresponding regenerator port, wlth the shiftable closure-brick 48 that rests upon 'the bottom of each flue and is operable by means of a rod thrust down through the corresponding vertical passage 46 and flue top-port 44. Through this means, together with the usual means for shutting ofi' the channels 40 under the regenerators, the employment of any regenerator, or of either longitudinal half of any regenerator, on either side of its lon itudinal partition 29, may be dispensed wit and any cokingchamber may be individually heated, and heated by the firing of either both or only one of the two series of fiues in the heatingwall on each or either side of such cokingchamber.

lVhen the ovens are being opera-ted as gas-ovens, employing the series of regenerators as alternate air-regenerators and gas-regenerators, the regenerator-duct ports 37, 38 are normally left fully open into the combustion-fines of the heating-Walls that are being thus fired with preheated producer-gas. But when the ovens are operated as coke-ovens, firing with the cokeoven gas supply and employing the regenerators only as air-regenerators, it becomes necessary to reduce the air flow that would then enter the combustion-fines if the regenerator-duct ports were left fully open into the lues. It is also desirable under various conditions to increase the velocity of the air-streams that are projected into the combustion-lines, and also to maintain such streams in substantial parallelism with the iniowing jet of coke-oven gas. To these ends there are provided removable plugs 49 for reducing the orifices of the said regenerator-duct ports 37, 38 or either of them. These plugs are adapted to enter deeply into said ports and form With the opposing walls thereof a straight channel, whereby the crosssection of the issuing air-stream is reduced without deflecting it from its substantial parallelism with the gas-stream that is being projected upward into the flue from the gas channel 35. These plugs 49 are of refractory material, and the top of each plu is provlded with a flange 50 that is adapte to socket in a corresponding recess 51 the top edge of one side of the air-port. The bottom of the plug is so arranged that the air impinging upon it Will be deiiected against the o posite free vertical wall of the air-port ar enough below the top of such port so that the upwardly projected air-stream will not be deflected from a substantially vertical direction. The plugs are inserted in and withdrawn from the airports b means of a hand-rod 52 whose bent end is ooked into the socket 53 in the free front face of the plug, such hand-rod being thrust down through" the vertical passage 46 into the corresponding flue in whose airports the plugs are to be inserted or lifted out. A. further closure of any air-port may be effected by shifting the above-mentioned closure-brick 48, either with or Without removal of a plug 49.

Each coking-chamber is provided at its top with four charge holes 54 and also has a y-product gas-port 55 at its pusher end, and, near its other end, a smoke outlet 56, employed while char ing the oven. All of these openings are o course provided with suitable closures in the usual manner. The end-closures of the coking-chambers are indicated in Fig. 15 as lifting removable doors of a well-known form. The lifting and replacement of these doors, by means of the door-lifting machine, imposes a severe shock and breaking strain upon the lintel brick 57 forming the top of the doorway. This lintel-brick is constructed of refractory material that does not of itself suiiciently resist such shock and breaking strain, and therefore it is reinforced internally with the metal tie-rods 58, which are embedded in the refractory material when the lintel-brick is formed. This is done by inserting the rods in suitable holes in the refractory material after it has been taken out of the kiln, and embedding saidY rods in place with cement, so that the rods are not exposed to the extreme heat of the kiln and are intact Within the completely formed lintel, which, When in place in service, is not heated to the extreme temperature t0 which its refractory material has been exposed in the kiln. The tie-rods thus embedded longitudinally through the lintel-brick serve to maintain it in place over the doorway evenswhen it has been cracked or broken by the repeated impact of the lifting and replacement of the removable door.

My invention as hereinafter claimed may ject of the application Serial No. 147,123 tiled of even date herewith bv Josef van Arkel-ein. also a resident of Pittsburgh, Penns vlvani'a. I claim:-

' l. In a coking retort oven having separately controlled gas-supplies for each of its groups of tlucs. and reversing means for alternately operating said separate gas-supplies and corres ondiuglv reversing the -eommunication o therespective regeneratoi's with the air-supply and the stack-gas outflow; iii combination: a series of cokingchambers with intermediate heating-walls, saidv walls being.r constituted ot' two series of substantially triangular combustion-fines Valteriiately facing oppositely toward the oking-cliambers contiguous to either side of each such wall. and grouped in the respec- -tive halves of the length of such wall: a A :pair` of combustion-prodnets ducts respecftively conimunicatiugr with each series of VVfiues in tlie-licating-wall between each pair f coking-cliambers; regenerators separately 26*'communicating with the fines grouped in Y the. `respective halves of the length of each heating-wall; and separate gas-ducts for -f each of said groups of tlues; substantially ,t as specified. $6' V`2.. In a coking retort oven having sepi-arately controlled lgas-supplies for each of -itslgroups ofutiues. and reversing means foi' Vv'.illternately operatingr said separate gas-supplies and corres ondiiigly reversing the communication-o the respective regenerata'irs with the air-supply and the stack-gas gittlow, in combination: a series of coking chambers with intermediate heating-walls. said walls being constituted of two series of 40 ibst-a'ntia-lly triangular combustion-Bucs, tlitise of one series alternatingwith those of thefther, and the two series respectively faixgioppositely toward the coking-cham-l bers contiguous to either side of each such walL and grouped in the respective halves of the length of such wail; conduit means for conducting the combustion products from one to the other of the groups of' lines occupying the respective halves ofi-the length of each heating-wall; regenerators separately communicating with said' groups of lines; spd separate gas-ducts for each of ail groups of fines; substantially as speci- 3. In a cokin retort oven having separately control] gas-supplies for each of its groups of fluesi and reversing means for alternately operating said separate gas-supplies and corresgiondingly reversing the communication o the respective regenerators with the air-supply and the stack-gas outflow, in combination: a series of elongated coking-chambers with intermediate heating-walls, said walls beinlg constituted of two series of substantial y triangular combustion-fines alternately facing oppositelv toward the coking-chambers contiguous to either side of each such wall. und grouped in the respective halves of the length of such wall; a pair of combustionproducts ducts respectively communicating with each series of fines in the heating-wall between each pair of coking-chambers; cross-regenerators below the series of coking-chambers and heating-walls and separately communicating with the flues grouped in the respective halves of the length of each heating-wall; and separate gas-ducts for each of said groups of ilues; substantially as specified.

4. In a coking'retort oven having separately cont-rolled gas-supplies for each of its groups of tlues. and reversing means for alternately operating said separate gas-supplies and correspondingly reversing the communication of the respective regenerators with the air-supply and the stack-gas outflow` in combination: a series of elongated coking-chain'bers with intermediate heating-walls, said walls being constituted of two series of substantially triangular combustion-fines, those of one series alternating with those of the other, and the two series respectively facing oppositely toward the coking-chambers contiguous to either side of each such wall, and rrouped in the respective halves of the length ot' such wall; conduit means for conducting the combustion products from one to the other ot the groups of fines occupying the respective halves of the length of each heating-wall; cross-regenerators below the series of coking-chambers and heating-Walls and separately communicating with said groups of fines; and separate gas-ducts for each of iail groups of lues; substantially as speci- 5. In a coking retort oven having separately controlled gas-supplies for each of its groups of flues, and reversing means for alternately operating said separate as-supplies and corresfpondingly reversing` the communication o the respective regenerators with the air-supply and the stack-gas outflow, in combination: a series of elono'aited coking-cham'bers with intermediate heating-walls, said Walls being constituted of two series of substantially triangular combustion-fines alternately facing oppositely toward the cokingchambers contiguous to either side of each such wall, and grou ed in the respective halves of the lengt of such wall; a pair of combustionproducts ducts respectively communicatinur with each series of tlues in the heating-wa between each pair of mixing-chambers; cross-regeneratcrs individually alined under the soles of the coking-chambers and separately communicating with the ilues grouped 1n the respective halves of the length of each heating wall; and separate gas-ducts for each of said substantially as specified. 1

6. In a coking retort oven having separately controlled gas-supplies for each of its groups of ilues, and reversing means for alternately operating said. separate gas-su plies and corres ondingly reversing t e communication o the respective regenerators with the air-supply and the stack-gas groups of iiues;

n outiiow, in combination: a series of elon- Y K arately communicating with said grou s of fiues; and separate gas-ducts for eac of `said groups of flues; substantially as speci- 30 fied.

V7. In a coking retort oven, in combination: a series of coking-chambers with intermediate heating-walls, said walls being constituted of two series' of substantiall triangular comfbustion-Hucs alternately acing oppositely toward the @cking-chambers contiguous to either sidi,l of each such wall; a pair of combustion-products duc respectively communicating with each Series of flues in the heating-wall between each pair of coking-cham'bers; air-preheating means supplying preheated air to the lues and hearted by the combustion-products from the flues; and gas-supplies for the flues; substantially as specified.

8. In a coking retort oven, in combination; a series of coking-chambers with intermediate heating-walls, said walls being constituted of two series of substantially triangular combustion-fines, those of one series alternating with those of the other, and the two series respectively facing oppositely toward the coking-chambers contiguous to either side of each such wall, and being disposed in continuous rows in respect of the provision for simultaneously firing them; conduit means into which the Y series of fines directly discharge their combustion-products; air-preheating means supplying preheated air to the flues and heated by the combustion-products from the iiues; and gas-supplies arranged to supply gas to continuous rows in both series of such iiues tired simultaneously in each heating wall; substantially as specified.

9. In a cokin retort oven, in combina tion: a series o cokin -cha'mbers with intermediate heating-wal s, said walls being constituted of two series of substantially tri-angular combustion-dues, thlose of one series alternatin with those of the other, and the two series respectively facing oppositely towardthe ooki -chambers contiguous to either side of eac such wall, and' being disposed in continuous rows in respect of the provision for simultaneouly firing them; and gas and air connections arranged to supply gas and air to continuous rows in both series of such ilues fired simultaneously in each heating-wall; substantially as s eciied.

10. In a cokmg retort oven,in combination: a series of elongated evoking-chambers with intermediate heating-walls, said walls being constituted of two series of substantially triangular conbustion-fiues, those of one series alternating with `those of the other, and the two serles respectively facing oppositely toward the coking-chambers contiguous to either side of each such wall, and being disposed in continuous rows in reect of the provision for simultaneously ring Ithem; cross-regenerators 'below the series of coking-chambers and heatingwalls; and gas and wir connections arranged to supply gas and air to continuous rows in both series of such flues fired simultaneously n each heating-wall; substantially as speci- 11. In a coking retort oven, in combination: a series of elongated coking-chambers with intermediate heating-walls constituted of rtwo series of vertical combustion-fines, the respective series being contiguous to the cokng-chambers on either side of each such wall, the iiues in each series being narrow transversely of the wall and presenting wide 'heating-faces toward the contiguous coking-chamber, and being disposed in continuous rows in respect of the provision for simultaneously firing them; combustionproducts conduit means above and communicating with said fines; and gas and air connections arranged to supply gas and air to continuous rows in both series of such lines firedsimulta-neously in each heatingwall; substantially as specified.

12. In a colcing retort oven, in combination: a series of elongated coking-chambers with intermediate heating-walls constituted of two series of vertical combustion-lines, the respective series being contiguous to the coking-chambers on either side of each such wall, the flues in each series being narrow transversely of the wall and presenting wide heating-faces toward the contiguous ceiling-chamber, and being disposed in continuous rows in respect of the provision for simultaneously firing them; cross-ref igenerators below the series of coking-chambers iso and heating-walls; and gas and air connections yarranged to supp y gas and air to continuous rows in both series of such tlues fired simultaneously in each heating-wall; substantially as specified.

13. In a coking retort oven, in combination; a series of elongated coking-chambers with intermediate heating-walls constituted of two series of vertical combustion-dues, the respective series being contiguous to the coking-chambers on either side of each such wall, and being disposed zin continuous rows in respect of the provision for simultaneous-ly firing them; and crossenerators below the series of coking-ch-am ers and heating-walls and arranged to supply preheat-ed air to continuous rows in both series of such iues tired 'simultaneously in each heating wall; substantially as specified.

14. In a eoking ret/ort oven, in combination: a series of elongated coking-chambers with intermediate heating-walls' constituted of two series of combustion-fines, the respective series being contiguous to the cokzing-chambers on either side-of each such Wall. and grouped in the respectivev halves of the length of such wall; and cross-regenerators disposed end to end in pairs below the series of coking-chambers and heating-walls and individually arranged to supply preheated air to an adjacenty series of fines rin half the length of an adjacent heating-wall; substantially as specilied.

15. In a coking retort oven having separately controlled gas-supplies for each of its groups of fines, and reversing means for alternately operating said separate gas-supplies and correspondingly reversing the communication of the respective regenerators with the air-supply and the stack-gas outflow, in combination: a series of cokin chambers with intermediate heating-Wal s constituted of two series of combustion-fines, the respective series being contiguous to the coking-chambers on either side of each such wall, the ilues in each series being narrow transversely of the wall and presenting wide heating-faces toward the contiguous coking-chamber, and grouped in the respective halves of the length of such wall; conduit means for conducting the combustion products from one to the other of the groups of fines occupyin the respective halves of the length of eac heating-wall; nerators separately communicating wit said groups of flues; and separate gas-ducts for each of said groups of flues; substantially as specilied.

16. In a coking retort oven having separately controlled gassupplies for each of its groups of iiues, and reversing means for alternately operating said separate gas-supplies and correspondingly reversing the communication of the respective re enerators with the air-supply and the stac -gas out flow` in combination: a series of elongated coking-chambers with intermediate heatingwalls constituted of two series of combustion-fines, the respective series being contiguous to the colting-chambers on either side of each such wall, the lues in each series being narrow transversely of the wall and presenting wide heating-faces toward the contiguous ticking-chamber, and grouped in the respective halves of the length of such. wall; cross-regenerators below the series of cokingchambers and heating-walls and separately communicating with the iues grouped in the respective halves of the length of each heating-wall; and separate gas-ducts for each of said groups of iues; substantially as specified.

17. In a coking retort oven having separately controlled gas-supplies for each of its groups of flues, and reversing means for alternately operating said separate gas-supplies and correspondingly reversing the communication of the respective regenerators with the air-supply and the stack-gas outflow, in combination; a series of elongated `eoking-chmnbers with intermediate heating-walls constituted of two series of combustion-dues` the respective series being contiguous to the coking-chambers on either side of each such wall, and grouped in the respective halves of the length of such wall;

and crossregcuerators below the series of coking-chambers and heati 11g-walls and separately communicating with the fiues grouped in the respective halves of the length of each heating-wall; and separate gas-ducts for each of said groups of fines; substantially as specified.

18. In a coking retort oven, in combination: a series of elongated cokng-chambers with intermediate heating-walls constituted of two series of combustion-fines. the series laterally abutting each other and being respectively contiguous to the coking-chambers on either side of each such wall, and being disposed in mutually contiguous relation in respect of the provision for simultaneously firing them; and cross-regenerators below the series of ticking-chambers and heating-walls and arranged to supply preheated air to a multiplicity of simultaneously fired contiguous ues of both series n nach heating-wall; substantially as speci- 19. In a coking retort oven having a series of evoking-chambers with intermediate heating-Walls constituted of series of combustion-tlues, gas-conduits having inlets into said lues, for projecting streams of ,gas substantially perpendicularly from the inlet ends of said flues` and regenerators havin ducts terminating in ports opening into said tlues and so disposed as to project regeneratively preheated air into said fines in streams substantially paralleling the said gas-streams: removable plugs for' reducing the orifices of said air-ports, the said plugs being adapted to reduce the cross-section of theissuing air-stream without deflectmg it from its substantial arallelism with the gas-stream; substantia y as specified.

20. In a coking retort oven having a series of coking-chambers with intermediate heating-walls constituted of series of combustin-flues, gas-conduits having inlets into said flues, for projecting streams of gas substantially perpendicularlyfrom the' inlet ends of said flues, and regenerators havin ducts terminating in ports opening into sai fines and lso disposed as to project regeneratively preheated air into said flues in streams substantially paralleling the said gasstreams: removable plugs for reducing the orifices of said air-ports, the said plugs being adapted to enter deeply into said ports and form with the opposing walls thereof a straight channel whereby the-cross-section of the issuing air-stream'is reduced without deflecting it from its substantial parallelism Evih the gas-stream; substantially as speci- 21. In a coking retort oven having a series of coking-chambers with intermediate heating-wallsV constituted of series of combustion-fines, gas-conduits having inlets into said fines. for projecting streams of gas substantially perpendicularly from the inlet ends of said lucs, and regenerators having ducts 4terminating in ports opening into said flues and so disposed as to project regeneratively preheated -airj into said iuesl in smeitiiisssubstantially paralleling the said gas-streams: removable plugs for reducing the orifices of said air-ports, the said plugs being adapted to enter deeply into said ports and form with the opposing walls thereof a straight channel whereby the crosssection of the issuing air-stream is reduced without dei'lecting it from its substantial parallelism with the vgas-stream, and the bases of said plugs being so shaped as to direct the air-flow into said channels without delecting the outiow from its substantial parallelism with the walls of said channels; substantially as specified.

22. In a coking retort oven having a series of coking-chambers with intermediate heating-walls constituted of series of combustion-lines, gas-conduits having inlets into said lilies, for projecting streams of gas substantially perpendicularly from the inlet ends of said lues, and regenerators having ducts terminatingr in ports opening into said iiues and so disposed as to project regeneratively preheatedV air `into said lues 1n streams substantial] paralleling the said gas-streams: remova le plugs for reducing the orifices of said airorts, the said plugs being adapted to enter eeply in to said ports and form with the opposing walls thereof a straight channel whereby the cross-section of the issuing air-stream is reduced without deflecting it from its substantial parallelism with the said plugs being provided with flangin adapted to support them on the erges o said air-ports; substantially as speci ed 28. In a coking retort oven having a series of coking-chambers with intermediate heating-walls constituted of series of combusvtion-flues, gas-conduits having inlets linto said fines, for projecting streams of gas substantially perpendicularly from the inlet ends of said flues, and regenerators having ducts terminating inports opening into said fines and so dis osed as to project regeneratively preheate air into said liues in streams substantially paralleling the said gasstreams: removable plugs for reducing the orifices of said'air-ports, the said plugs being adapted to enter deeply into said ports and form with the opposing walls thereof a straightchannel whereby `the cross-section of the issuing airfstream is reduced without delecting it from its substantial parallelism with the gas-stream, and the tops of said plugs lbeing provided with Hanging adapted to support them on the edges of said airports, the said edges of the air-ports being recessed to receive and retain the said Hanging of'theeplugs; substantially as specified.

2A. In a coking retort oven, in combination: a series of coking-chambers with intermediate lieating-Walls constituted of series of combustion-fines; an air-regenerator and a gas-regenerator each having ducts com? municating with each of said flues; other gas-conduits to lead an alternative gas-supply to said flues independently of said gasregenerator; means for employing said alternative gas-supply and converting said gas-regenerator into a supplemental air-regenerator; and removable plugs for reducingthe orifices of the aforesaid regeneratorducts into said iiues when such alternative gas-supply and supplemental air-regenerator are employed, the said plugs being adapted to reduce the cross-section of the inflowing air-streams without defiecting them from substantial parallelism with theV gasstreams issuing into the lilies from said alternative gas -supply; substantially as specified. Y

2.5. In a coking retort oven, in combination: a series of elongated coking-chambers with intermediate heating-walls constituted of series 4of combustion-dues cross-regenerators for preheating air and other cross-regenerators for pralle-ating gas, both posi tioned under the series of seeking-chambers and heating-walls and having ducts communicating with each of said fines; other gas-conduits to lead an alternative gas-supply to said fines inde endently of said gasregenerators; means or employing said algas-stream, and the tops of ternatve gas-supply and converting said gas-regenerators into su plemental air-re generators; and removab e plugs for reducing the orifices of the aforesaid regeneratorducts into said fines when such alternative gas-supply and supplemental air-regenerator are employed, the said plugs being adapted to reduce Athe cross-section of the infiowing air-streams without deiiecting them from substantial parallelism with the gas-streams issuing into the flues from said alternative gas-supply; substantially as specified.

26. In a coking retort oven, the combination of a coking chamber havin a doorway, a door adapted to'be inserted t erein, and a lintel for engaging the upper edge of said door and including a brick or lntel unit constructed of refractory material rein- "forced internally with metal 'tie-rods, in-

serted from endto end of .the lintel and ada ted to sustain said material in place against the shock and strain of the lifting and replacement of the removable ovendoor, substantially as specified.

27. In a coking retort oven, in combination a series of coking-chambers with intermediate heating-walls, said walls being constituted of two series of substantially' triangular combustion-fines alternately facing oppositely toward the coking-chambers contiguous to either side of each such walls; and a single gas-conduit provided with a row of outlets arranged to deliver gas upwardly into a succession of the flues of both series; substantially as specified.

28. In a cokingretort oven having separately controlled gas-supplies for each of its groups of flues, and reversing means for alternately operating said separate gas-supplies and correspondingly reversing the communlcation of the respective regenerators with the air-supply7 and the stack-gas outflow, in combination.: a series of coking chambers with intermediate heating Walls, said walls being constituted of two series of substantially triangular combustion-fines alternateiy facing oppositely to the coking chambers contiguous to either of said walls, and grou ed 1n the respective halves of the length o such wall; a pair of combustion products ducts respectively communicatin with each series of lilies in the heating wail between each pair of coking chambers; regencrators separately communicating witlt the lilies grouped in the respective halves of each heating wall, and separatel gas-ducts for each saidgroup of fiues; substantially as specified.

29. In a coking retort oven, in combination: a series'of coking-chambers with intermediate heatmg-walls, said walls being constituted of two series of substantially triangular combustion-fines, the series laterally abutting each other and being respectively contiguous to the coking-chambers on either side of each such wall, each series of filles having above it combustion-products conduit means separate from such meansabovethe other serles; and regenerators communi' gating with the iues; substantially as specied. i

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand 1n the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOSEPH BECKER.

Witnesses:

G. G. TRILL, Jos. D. Voxan.

It is hereby oertied that in Letters Patent No. 1,312,301, granted August 5, 1919, upon the application of Joseph Becker, of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, for an improvement in Coking Retort-Ovens, an error appears in the printed specication requiring correction es follows: Page 6, line 14, claim 13, for the oompound word "cross-generators" read cross-regenerators; and that the said Lettera Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the ease in the Patent Ooe.

Signed and sealed this 30th day of September, A. D., 1919.

[sun] M. H. COULSTON,

Acting Commissioner ofPatanu. Cl. 2029. 

